When memory problems deserve attention
- forgetting recent events or asking the same questions repeatedly;
- new difficulty managing everyday tasks, such as finances, medicines or appointments;
- getting lost in familiar places;
- difficulty finding words or following a conversation;
- changes in behaviour or mood noticed by family members.
Possible causes
Not all memory problems are due to dementia. They can be related to depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, vitamin deficiencies, thyroid problems or side effects of some medicines: conditions that are often treatable.
Among neurodegenerative diseases, the most common is Alzheimer's disease; there are also vascular forms, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementias. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate condition that should be monitored over time.
How the diagnosis is made
The assessment includes an interview with the patient and, when possible, a family member, a neurological examination and cognitive screening tests. Targeted blood tests help rule out reversible causes.
Neuroimaging plays a central role: brain MRI makes it possible to assess atrophy of specific brain regions and vascular burden. In selected cases further neuropsychological or nuclear medicine tests may be indicated.
Care
An early diagnosis makes it possible to treat reversible causes, start available treatments, assess access to new therapies, plan support for the person and their family, and preserve independence for as long as possible.
Neurological visit in Milan, Osio Sotto (Bergamo) and Pistoia
Dr. Raffaello Bonacchi, neurologist and neuroradiologist, sees patients in Milan, Osio Sotto (Bergamo) and Pistoia, and also offers online consultations with review of tests and images already performed.
Frequently asked questions
Who should I see if I suspect dementia?
The first step is a neurological assessment, which makes it possible to characterise the problem, rule out treatable causes and decide on any further tests.
The information on this page is for general information only and does not replace a medical visit. For sudden or severe symptoms call 112 or go to the Emergency Department.